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What’s with this “Wren” thing?
The oldest extant version of the fable
we
are presenting here appeared in 1913 in the first volume of a two-volume anthology
of Low
Saxon folktales (Plattdeutsche
Volksmärchen “Low German Folktales”)
collected by Wilhelm Wisser (1843–1935). Read
more ...
Language information:
Wixbikeldee!
Daniel
and Norman Foster are living proof that a language community can
be as small as two (not counting innocent bystanders that cannot help
picking up the odd expression here and there). These two gentlemen demonstrate that youthful language creation enhances lifelong bonds, in this case brotherly bonds. They realized early on that language is basically fun, that playing with language
enhances linguistic awareness and appreciation. Wixbikeldee, Dan lin Norm! Keep on tilpin’, fellas! In the meantime enjoy the much
coveted Lowlands-L gold star for featured guest contributors!
Ozee
Tilp is a contructed language, invented and spoken fluently by Norman and Dan
Foster, originally of Champaign, Illinois. It has over 1000 words,
and has a degree of informality, reflecting its spontaneous origins.
It began August
14, 1969, when we were 13 and 15 years old, on a family camping trip in the Rocky
Mountains. We were playing in the stream formed by
a water faucet that was on. One brother was downstream and wanted the water
turned off, and playfully said, “Boan de wax!” The other brother, who was at
the pump, got the meaning, turned off the water, and we had a good laugh. Those
three words led to more, and a new language was born. (“Boan,” pronounced “bone,”
remains our word for “to turn off,” and is also used for “to sleep.” “De” (dee)
remains our definite article, and “wax” is still our word for water.)
From
the start, it was entirely for fun, and intended to be easy to learn, so that
we could actually start speaking to each other right away. Numbers
from one to ten were created coming down a mountain path on the same trip,
and they probably reflect our good mood of the moment: jog, lon, bo, bix, winni,
pu, pun, bi, noc, jogun (pronounced “joggin”). We began calling our language
“Small Talk.”
Norman
Foster
Daniel
Foster
At first, word
order was usually parallel with English. However, we had an informal rule that
almost anything goes, as long as the other person understands
our meaning. We didn’t apply the rule strictly, but it allowed for gradual
changes in our habits of word order, and in fact we have each evolved our
own style to some extent—can this be called Michigan dialect vs. Hawaii dialect?
We haven’t been too strict about spelling, for similar reasons, and with
similar
result. Dan tends to leave out what he considers unnecessary vowels, for
example, while Norman is more likely to fill them in (e.g. thrakl vs thrakel
= past
tense of thrak, to bring). For a while we
discussed whether we should include unusual sounds, or foreign-sounding pronunciations
(do we roll our r’s, do we ban the English
“th”? what about grunts and snorts, wheezes and clicks?), but we opted for
what came naturally to us, i.e., Small Talk pronounced with an American accent!
At this time we
were both already interested in languages, and the first few years of Small Talk
saw heavy vocabulary borrowings from other languages
we were familiar with, mostly English, German, French, and Italian. We had
many truly original words as well, which we valued highly. Small Talk gradually
became more established, and we translated its name to “ozee tilp.” This can
mean either “small talk” or “small language”—we usually give the latter translation
now. We normally don’t capitalize it. As it developed, we became more and more
dissatisfied with our borrowings, so we instituted a purge, or “gilgoploke”
(initial ‘g’ is hard, and ploke is pronounced in one syllable with long ‘o’).
Ploke = to get rid of, gilgo = a great swirling energy, also used in words
like tornado. We targeted words like tich = table (yuck), and made up “grun
ozee tilp ilomi” (= true ozee tilp words) for the majority of borrowings. “Mint”
(with) became “nem,” “oon” (and) became “lin,” and so on. We were so used to
certain common words, however, that some were destined to remain, such as definite article “de”,
and preposition im = in, even though we tried to find good substitutes. “Iska”
(or “ska”), from French “est-ce que,” was kept, simply because it is so convenient
and flows off the tongue so easily! (In short, we liked it.)
In choosing vocabulary,
we often keep it on the whimsical side:
buz = I, me
biz = you
bubuz = we, us
[accent on first syllable, two short vowels]
bibiz = y’all
bisbos = they
[pronounced “bizboze” by Dan, and “bissbohss” by Norm]
belopadrop = tomato
[accent on second syllable]
pstykstpolakl
= spit [consonants pronounced precisely as spelled, with y
like
ee, and short ‘a’. The “olakl” portion means fluid.]
lisil = balanced
[pron ‘leezil’]
lisillonk = unbalanced
pooklpop = rabbit
Wolly Rakabugh!
= Happy Birthday! (= happy babyday) (bugh is
pronounced ‘bug’—I believe we added the otherwise superfluous ‘h’
because ‘bug’ just seemed wrong)
Sometimes we quickly
settle on a word, sometimes we have long discussions, and try several variants
before coming to a decision. Our primary rule is that
we both have to like the word.
The ozee tilp
word that is perhaps best known, and one of our favorite words, was actually
invented by our mom. She was waving goodbye, and in imitation
of ozee tilp, she spontaneously said, “Wixbikeldee!!” [accent second syllable,
short ‘i’]. That instantly became and remains our all-purpose greeting, used
for both hello and goodbye, and is often shortened to “wix!”
Even though we
enjoyed the intricacies of European languages, we decided early on to keep ozee
tilp grammar fairly simple, for ease of learning. There
are no verb declensions, and verb tenses are simple, with -el ending for past
tense, and “le” helping word (pronounced “luh”) for future tense, parallel
to the English use of “will.” We can express more complex verb tenses, but
we don’t usually bother. Personal pronouns have one form only, regardless of
usage. Word order is fairly free as long as it is easily understandable. We
have a number of well-used prefixes and suffixes (possessive ‘-ex’, plural ‘-mi’ or ‘-ami’, adverbial ‘-id’, nominalizing ‘-ik’, diminutive ‘el-’, augmentative ‘ob-’, opposite-making ‘o-’, and more).
Although we are
the only two fluent speakers (currently, at least), a number of friends and extended
family have learned varying amounts of ozee
tilp through the years, and we have always maintained an open-door policy,
rather than considering it a “secret” language. Although other members of our
immediate family (our parents and two older brothers) didn’t learn ozee tilp,
we are a close family. The two of us both became professional classical musicians—Norman
plays clarinet in the Honolulu Symphony (and also plays jazz), and Dan teaches
violin at Eastern Michigan University in Ypsilanti, Michigan.