The past participial (perfect) form usually takes on the suffix -t, in some cases -(e)n (see "Strong Verbs"). This form is used to indicated completed action and is preceded by the verb hebben 'have' (see "Strong Verbs").

Past Participle (Perfect)
Singular
1st person (ik 'I') -Ø
2nd person familiar (du 'thou') -s(t)
2nd person referential (Se 'you') -t
3rd person (he 'he', se 'she', dat 'it')
Plural
1st person (wi 'we') -t ~ -(e)n
2nd person familiar (ji 'you')
2nd person referential (Se 'you)
3rd person (se 'they'')

 

Imperative

  familiar referential
Singular

-Ø

-t Se
Plural

-t

 

/leir-/ 'learn/teach'  

/griin-/ 'grin'

  Present Preterite Perfect Present Preterite Perfect
Infinitive:

lehr(e)n

grienen

ik lehr lehr heff lehrt grien grien heff grient

du

lehrs(t) lehrs(t) hes(t) lehrt griens(t) griens(t) hes(t) grient

he / se / dat

lehrt lehr hett lehrt grient grien hett grient

Se / wi / ji / se

lehrt ~ lehr(e)n lehr(e)n hebbt lehrt grient ~ grienen grienen hebbt grient
  Imperative Imperative
Singular (du) Lehr! Grien!
(Se) Lehrt Se! Grient Se!
Plural (ji) Lehrt! Grient!
(Se) Lehrt Se! Grient Se!


© 1997-2006, Reinhard "Ron" F. Hahn. All rights reserved.